Monday, July 18, 2016
The New Monday Quiz, Summer Edition
Ready to bust your brains trying to make sense out of the High Middle Ages again! No?! Well of course not! It's summer, already! The New Monday Quiz feels you!
For the rest of July and all of August, we'll feature a lighter, more relaxed NMQ format, carefully hand-crafted for the beach! Answers to each quiz will include a book from NPR's "100 Best Beach Books Ever," a movie from Entertainment Weekly's "30 Best Summer Blockbusters of All Time," and a famous writer from The Writing Disorders "Ten Most Famous Authors," plus a map, a postcard, and a relatively non-depressing historical anniversary! But what about art? Hell yeah! We'll have art! Also, mojitos! Welcome to summer!
1. Paul Atreides, the scion of an aristocratic family in a fractious feudal empire, travels to the desert planet Arrakis at the beginning of this 1965 science fiction adventure novel. What's its title?
2. Name the 2001 Summer blockbuster!
3. What artist painted these?
4. "You're a gentleman," people tell the protagonist of his most famous book. "You shouldn't have gone murdering people with a hatchet; that's no occupation for a gentleman." Some of his other books are The Idiot, Poor Folk, and Notes from the Underground. Name the author!
5. Name that country!
6. Here's a famous painting! Do you know the artist, the title, or anything else interesting about it?
7. Ooh, a postcard! Where's it from?
8. On July 18, 1841, Dom Pedro II became the second and last emperor of his country. "Inheriting an Empire on the verge of disintegration, Pedro II turned [his country] into an emerging power in the international arena." Although much of the progress made during his 58-year reign was squandered after his overthrow, he is regarded today as one of the great heroes of his nation. Which, by the way, is not in Europe.
Dom Pedro II was Emperor of what country?
Saturday, July 16, 2016
The Infinite Art Tournament, Round One: van Ruisdael v. Ruysch!
Jacob van Ruisdael
1628 - 1682
Dutch
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Rachel Ruysch
1664 - 1750
Dutch
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Vote for the artist of your choice! Votes go in the comments. Commentary and links to additional work are welcome. Polls open for at least one month past posting.
1628 - 1682
Dutch
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Rachel Ruysch
1664 - 1750
Dutch
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Vote for the artist of your choice! Votes go in the comments. Commentary and links to additional work are welcome. Polls open for at least one month past posting.
Friday, July 15, 2016
Element of the Month: Dysprosium!
July's Element of the Month:
Dysprosium!
Dy
66
Atomic Mass: 162.5 amu
Melting Point: 1407 °C
Boiling Point: 2562 °C
Dysprosium is among the chemical elements with names that are the most fun to say out loud. Go ahead, try it!
It is also one of the rare earth elements. We’ve talked about those a lot, so let’s recap some of the basics:
Now, when you read about Dysprosium online, you’re going to find two schools of thought. One is “OMG WE ARE RUNNING OUT OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS WHAT ARE WE GOING TO DO.” The other is “Eh, rare earth elements, not good for much except a few specialized industrial applications. Let’s talk about more interesting elements.”
Here’s what I think is going on. First, the main reason to get fired up about rare earths, from a human-use point of view, is their magnetic properties. Dysprosium, for instance, is apparently tied with Holmium for Most Magnetic Element under certain conditions. Now, if you remember that magnetism is used in both electrical generators and electrical motors, it might occur to you that more powerful magnets would mean more efficient power systems. It has certainly occurred to some of our brainy engineering guys. So yeah, rare earths are confined to “specialized industrial applications,” but potentially really important ones.
It’s true that the supply of Dysprosium and other rare earth elements is having a hard time keeping up with supply. But the more panicky commentary on the situation is probably driven by people who are hoping they can trick you into some naïve dabbling in the minerals market. Because almost anything you can do with rare earths, you can already do without ‘em. For instance, Toyota was thinking of using a rare earths based system in its little RAV 4 SUVs, but because the supply of rare earths is so erratic and subject to the whim of a single government, they decided not to. And yet, they’re still making RAV 4s that work just fine.
The Centerfold!
You have to figure that if humankind collectively decides it really needs Dysprosium and its cousins badly enough, somebody will fire up a mine in Australia, Quebec, Texas, Alaska, or Wyoming, or any of the many other places where you can find rare earths. In fact, companies are messing around in all of those places, the only little issue being that hard rock mining is a brutally, brutally difficult industry to in which to eke out a profit. That makes launching a new operation to produce minerals that, who knows, might come in handy if certain speculative technologies continue to evolve, kind of a tough pitch for investors who are more interested in their guaranteed 5% per year.
Dysprosium is apparently one of the rarer rare earth elements, so it has a tricksy economic twist all its own. To produce a certain amount of Dysprosium, you inevitably end up producing a much greater amount of other rare earth elements, including Cerium – remember, the rare earths tend to herd together. So, if you’re mining enough Dysprosium to make a nice profit, you’re also mining so much Cerium that you’re tanking what little market there was for Cerium in the first place, and trying to figure out where you’re going to store the stuff and how much it will cost. It's almost like a disincentive to mine Dysprosium! No, wait. It is a disincentive to mine Dysprosium.
This is undoubtedly a distorted view of Dysprosium economics, but I think I’m more or less on the right track with it. Disclaimer: Element of the Month write-ups are not intended to be used as investment advice, ya knucklehead. But you already knew that.
Dysprosium!
Dy
66
Atomic Mass: 162.5 amu
Melting Point: 1407 °C
Boiling Point: 2562 °C
Dysprosium is among the chemical elements with names that are the most fun to say out loud. Go ahead, try it!
It is also one of the rare earth elements. We’ve talked about those a lot, so let’s recap some of the basics:
- Rare Earth elements aren’t really rare per se, they’re just very reactive. That means that they never appear in their pure state in nature. They appear in mineral compounds, often with other rare earths, but never in high concentrations.
- Because they are kind of hidden in plain sight, the rare earths took a long time for the science guys to pin down. It wasn’t until 1878 that the immortal Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran (who also had Gallium and Samarium on his resume, the old overachiever) was able to laboriously squeeze a little bit of Dysprosium out of Erbium ore. Nobody was able to isolate larger samples until a method was worked out in the 1950s at Iowa State.
- Like most of the rare earth elements, Dysprosium is pretty much mined only in China for the time being.
- In a possibly not unrelated development, there was an enormous spike in the price of rare earth elements a few years back. Dysprosium was being priced in 2011 at about twenty times what it had sold for in 2003.
Now, when you read about Dysprosium online, you’re going to find two schools of thought. One is “OMG WE ARE RUNNING OUT OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS WHAT ARE WE GOING TO DO.” The other is “Eh, rare earth elements, not good for much except a few specialized industrial applications. Let’s talk about more interesting elements.”
Here’s what I think is going on. First, the main reason to get fired up about rare earths, from a human-use point of view, is their magnetic properties. Dysprosium, for instance, is apparently tied with Holmium for Most Magnetic Element under certain conditions. Now, if you remember that magnetism is used in both electrical generators and electrical motors, it might occur to you that more powerful magnets would mean more efficient power systems. It has certainly occurred to some of our brainy engineering guys. So yeah, rare earths are confined to “specialized industrial applications,” but potentially really important ones.
It’s true that the supply of Dysprosium and other rare earth elements is having a hard time keeping up with supply. But the more panicky commentary on the situation is probably driven by people who are hoping they can trick you into some naïve dabbling in the minerals market. Because almost anything you can do with rare earths, you can already do without ‘em. For instance, Toyota was thinking of using a rare earths based system in its little RAV 4 SUVs, but because the supply of rare earths is so erratic and subject to the whim of a single government, they decided not to. And yet, they’re still making RAV 4s that work just fine.
The Centerfold!
You have to figure that if humankind collectively decides it really needs Dysprosium and its cousins badly enough, somebody will fire up a mine in Australia, Quebec, Texas, Alaska, or Wyoming, or any of the many other places where you can find rare earths. In fact, companies are messing around in all of those places, the only little issue being that hard rock mining is a brutally, brutally difficult industry to in which to eke out a profit. That makes launching a new operation to produce minerals that, who knows, might come in handy if certain speculative technologies continue to evolve, kind of a tough pitch for investors who are more interested in their guaranteed 5% per year.
Dysprosium is apparently one of the rarer rare earth elements, so it has a tricksy economic twist all its own. To produce a certain amount of Dysprosium, you inevitably end up producing a much greater amount of other rare earth elements, including Cerium – remember, the rare earths tend to herd together. So, if you’re mining enough Dysprosium to make a nice profit, you’re also mining so much Cerium that you’re tanking what little market there was for Cerium in the first place, and trying to figure out where you’re going to store the stuff and how much it will cost. It's almost like a disincentive to mine Dysprosium! No, wait. It is a disincentive to mine Dysprosium.
This is undoubtedly a distorted view of Dysprosium economics, but I think I’m more or less on the right track with it. Disclaimer: Element of the Month write-ups are not intended to be used as investment advice, ya knucklehead. But you already knew that.
Thursday, July 14, 2016
The Infinite Art Tournament, First Elimination Round #49/64
Faceoff #1: Reni v. Reynolds
Guido Reni
1575 - 1642
Italian
Lost to Rembrandt in Round 1.
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Sir Joshua Reynolds
1723 - 1792
British
Lost to Renoir in Round 1.
Faceoff #2: Richter v. Della Robbia
Gerhard Richter
Born 1932
German
Lost to José de Ribera by a two-vote swing in Round 1.
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Luca Della Robbia
1400 - 1482
Florentine
Trounced by Diego Rivera in Round 1.
Vote for the two artists of your choice! Votes generally go in the comments, but have been known to arrive by email, by postcard, or in a sealed envelope.
Please note that you may vote only once in each face-off. Opining that both of the artists in one of the two face-offs is superior to the other is fine, but casting your votes for two artists in the same face-off is not permissible.
Wednesday, July 13, 2016
Nine Years Later, a Quilt Happens
A joint post with my long-abandoned quilt blog.
Hey, I finished something! Mostly!
This is, for better or worse, a quilt with an idea behind it. But before I tell you about that, take a look at the picture. What do you think of it?
The Story: Once upon a Christmas my oldest sister gave me a set of green-brown fabrics that I immediately realized I wanted to use as a background for something. In late 2007, I asked readers of my blog to comment on a range of simple symbols I had found or suggest new ones, because I was looking for "one single very bold symbol on a relatively neutral background."
Then, nothing happened for a year.
Then, there was a flurry of action! Over three days, I polled blog readers again as I presented a basic shape, then twisted and turned and pinched and elaborated and deformed it, partially in accordance with their suggestions, and always trying to move it away from any obvious or known cultural associations. I called this process "Democratically Aided Design." It was fun. A couple of weeks later, I announced that I had finalized my symbol, also deciding on the spot that it had no "right side up." Six weeks after that, I had put together the background, and I asked folks what they thought about colors for the foreground.
And after that, I don't remember much! There's a series of photos from no later than October 2013, but probably earlier, that show me how I scribed the symbol onto paper at the appropriate size, cut it out from the fabric, and then appliqued it onto the background.
Then at some point I must have backed it, batted it, quilted it, and bound it, because when I started pawing through my quilt stuff a few months ago, there it was. I had basically finished it, put off the boring bit of putting on a hanging sleeve, and forgot about it. Because I'm an idiot.
The Idea: In my defense, the boring business of putting a sleeve on this quilt is quadrupled, because it needs to be able to be hung with any side up. And that's because this quilt doesn't really display a symbol so much as it is "about" the nature of symbols. When our brains see a simple or moderately complex graphic device, we automatically try to interpret it. If you want to get all fancy and intellectual at this point, you can talk about the arbitrariness of the sign, but it's not required.
"What does it mean?" is usually the question people ask about the symbol. Was that what you thought? People will ask, even if I've just explained how it was designed. Over the years, I've received a healthy handful of emails from strangers asking if they could use the design for jewelry for their sweethearts or tattoos to get together with their sister or friend, which is kind of interesting because -- not to belabor the point -- it doesn't mean anything.
And, this is somehow important, it means nothing no matter which side is up. So ultimately, it needs four hanging sleeves, which are very boring to sew on. I've put on two so far, so I figure that's enough to call it "done."
The Specs
Dimensions: 64" x 64"
Batting: Presumably commercial batting.
Backing: Green flannel.
Quilting: Machine quilting, some following the applique and some in concentric squares.
Quilting: Machine quilting, some following the applique and some in concentric squares.
Begun: Actual work started October 2008
Finished: Hung for the first time July 2016
Intended Use/Display: Wall hanging.
Provenance: This one's a keeper.
Tuesday, July 12, 2016
The Infinite Art Tournament, Round Two: Orpen v. Rodchenko!
Sir William Orpen
1878 - 1931
British
Tied with Adriaen van Ostade in his first try at Round One.
Upset Piet Mondrian in his second try at Round 1 by a two-vote swing. YOUR VOTE COUNTS!!!
Alexander Rodchenko
1891 - 1956
Russian
Upset Auguste Rodin in Round 1 by a single vote. YOUR VOTE COUNTS!!!
Vote for the artist of your choice in the comments, or any other way that works for you. Commentary and links to additional work are welcome. Polls open for at least one month past posting.
1878 - 1931
British
Tied with Adriaen van Ostade in his first try at Round One.
Upset Piet Mondrian in his second try at Round 1 by a two-vote swing. YOUR VOTE COUNTS!!!
Alexander Rodchenko
1891 - 1956
Russian
Upset Auguste Rodin in Round 1 by a single vote. YOUR VOTE COUNTS!!!
Vote for the artist of your choice in the comments, or any other way that works for you. Commentary and links to additional work are welcome. Polls open for at least one month past posting.
Monday, July 11, 2016
Through History With the New Monday Quiz: the 1350s
Compared with the 1340s, the 1350s was a pretty great time to be a human on Earth! If you were still alive, that is. Experiences varied from individual to individual, naturally.
1. In 1351, Zürich signed on. Glarus and Zug joined in 1352. Bern came on board in 1353. What was growing so rapidly in the early 1350s?
2. In the early 1350s, the amazing traveler Ibn Battuta passed through Timbuktu – then just a minor city – on his way back from visiting the capital city of Mansa Suleyman in the Niger River valley. Of what empire was Mansa Suleyman the ruler?
3. After his monastery was destroyed, Zhu Yuanzhang joined the Red Turban rebellion in 1352. By 1356, he led the army that conquered and occupied Nanjing. This happened in what country -- and against a government still controlled by what group?
4. In 1352, supporting one faction of a Byzantine civil war, they defeated a Serbian army that was supporting the other. In 1354, they seized two cities from the Byzantines. In 1355, they defeated the Bulgarian Empire at the Battle of Ihtiman. Which empire was so successful in the 1350s?
5. In 1353, a book was published in which ten young people leave a plague-stricken city and tell each other stories to pass the time. In it,
...various tales of love... range from the erotic to the tragic. Tales of wit, practical jokes, and life lessons contribute to the mosaic. In addition to its literary value and widespread influence (for example on Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales), it provides a document of life at the time. Written in the vernacular of the Florentine language, it is considered a masterpiece of classical early Italian prose.It's pretty good. Name that book!
6. On April 5, 1355, Charles IV was crowned emperor in Rome. Emperor of what?
7. Game of Thrones, 1350s edition:
The situation became worse as the years passed and the aging Afonso lost control over his court. His grandson and [Prince] Pedro's only legitimate son, future king [Fernando], was a sickly child, while the illegitimate children [of Pedro’s mistress, Inês de Castro], thrived. Worried about his legitimate grandson's life, and the growing power of Castile within [his country], Afonso ordered Inês de Castro first imprisoned in his mother's old convent in Coimbra, and then murdered in 1355. He expected his son to give in and marry a princess, but the heir became enraged upon learning of his lover's decapitation in front of their young child. Pedro put himself at the head of an army and devastated the country between the Douro and the Minho rivers before he was reconciled to his father in early 1357. Afonso died almost immediately after....Tough family relations in the royal house of what country?
8. An odd organization was formally founded in the city of Lübeck in 1356, although it had been in the works for a couple of centuries. It's a little hard to describe, because there hasn't been much else quite like it:
[It] was created to protect the guilds' economic interests and diplomatic privileges in their affiliated cities and countries, as well as along the trade routes the merchants visited. [Its] cities had their own legal system and furnished their own armies for mutual protection and aid. Despite this, the organization was not a state, nor can it be called a confederation of city-states; only a very small number of the cities within [it] enjoyed autonomy and liberties comparable to those of a free imperial city.And yet it was one of the great powers of late medieval Europe. What was it?
9. This famous piece of cloth was first publicly displayed in 1357. People still argue about what it is, and if it’s what it’s claimed to be. Name that famous piece of cloth!
10. Meanwhile, in Australia, a reasonable estimate of the human population in the 1350s would be:
a) perhaps 85,000 (about the population of the Isle of Man today)
b) perhaps 600,000 (about the population of Luxembourg today)
c) perhaps 7,000,000 (about the population of Bulgaria today)
d) perhaps 25,000,000 (about the population of Australia today)
e) perhaps 325,000,000 (about the population of the United States today)
Through History with The New Monday Quiz: the 1340s
1. "Cahokia, Kincaid and Moundvill" -- Towns along the Mississippi River
2. "The Battle of Sluys" -- England wins huge naval superiority at the outset of The Hundred Years War, then squanders its.
3. what particular cultural imposition did the Estonians resent? -- Christianity. The Livonians were Crusaders, and therefore a bit pushy with the door-to-door proselization.
4. Bahmani was one of the big medieval kingdoms of India.
5. About half of Europe dying: The Black Death.
6. "certain tumours in the groin or armpits" -- The Black Death.
7. Jewish communities put to slaughter -- they were being scapegoated for the Black Death.
8. Charles University is in Prague.
9. The Flagellents were wandering groups of religious beggers who beat and scourged themselves to atone for their own sinful nature and that of all humankind. Their numbers exploded during the years of the Black Death, when there was a lot of social dislocation and everyone was scared shitless and, hell, nothing else seemed to be working, so why not?
10. The Colosseum was damaged in the 1349 earthquake, giving it a real head start for when people starting digging on romantic ruins four centuries later.
I was pretty wowed when DrSchnell was all like BOOM! 10 of 10! Then came Susan, with 9 1/2, and pfly closing with another 10/10. Whoa. I've said it before, and I'll say it again: I wouldn't want to be on Jeopardy against this crowd. Well, actually I would, but my odds wouldn't be very good.
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